Book, statistical genetics of quantitative traits by. Analysis of genotypingbysequencing data in a maize zea. Evolutionary biology commons, and the plant breeding and genetics commons. In maize crops, however, the use of heterosis developed in such a unique way that hybridization was recommended as a valuable breeding method. Advances in maize genomics and their value for enhancing.
Wheat physiological pre breeding and genetic resources program pre breeding, cimmyt wenwen xiang graduate student, plant breeding and genetics. This program is currently one the of the few public u. Sequencing of the maize genome has opened up new opportunities in maize breeding, genetics and genomics research. Improve tolerance and resistance to biotic mycotoxins especially aflatoxin and abiotic stresses salinity, drought and heat through breeding in addition to genetics. It concentrates on the linkage analysis of markers, map construction and. This book highlights modern trends in development of hybrids, analysis of genetic diversity, molecular breeding, comparative and functional genomics, epigenomicsand proteomics in maize. The oldest method of plant improvement is by the selection of the best plants and by growing only the seed. Gene for sepia colored eyes in drosophilia is autosomal recesive. Chapters have been developed from a symposium held in baton rouge, louisiana, in march 2001, although additional contributions have also been commissioned especially for this volume. Maize snp arrays designed for molecular breeding by integrating.
Traditional maize inbred line development requires 610 seasons of selfbreeding but with the help of doubled haploid technology we can achieve this in just two seasons of selfing hallauer et al. The rediscovery of mendels laws of inheritance in 1900 was the basis for determining the inheritance of quantitative traits and for developing plant breeding and selection methods. Pedigree theories and the science of genetics ebook free. This book provides an overview of the rapidly developing integration and interdependence of quantitative genetics, genomics, bioinformatics and their application to plant breeding. Quantitative genetics of inbreeding in a synthetic maize.
Its high demand makes grain yield a major target of maize breeding liu et al. Xianran li adjunct associate professor, genomics and bioinformatics. Quantitative genetics, genomics, and plant breeding. The development of biotechnology has led to a great increase in our knowledge of maize genetics and understanding of the structure and. Much of the increase can be attributed to improved genetics through innovative plant breeding, and pioneer researchers have played a key role in this. Analysis of genotypingbysequencing data in a maize zea mays l. The below mentioned article provides an overview on the three methods employed in plant breeding. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding nhbs academic. Quantitative genetic studies on breeding maize for. A robust genotypephenotype relationship allows predictive approaches for efficient and costeffective breeding, superior allele mining, and introgression on a genegenomic region basis. Quantitative genetics and maize breeding for texas seth c.
We collected a massive data set from germplasm that included inbreds, f 1 hybrids, and f 2 progeny. Safe, secure, healthy, inexpensive and increasingly productive agricultural commodities are a cornerstone of increasing american prosperity. Parts of this data set were used to calculate genetic parameters of general. The inbredhybrid concept in maize was a public sector invention 100 years ago and it is still considered one of the greatest achievements in plant breeding. United states department of agriculture agriculture research service usdaars corn breeding and genetic analysis of agronomic traits relies on phenotypic variation and genetic variation in the genes controlling these traits. This project investigates genetics important for plant appearance and behavior and then uses this information for improving crops for a variety of traits and systems. Genetics, genomics and breeding of maize genetics, genomics and breeding of crop plants 9781482228120. The inbredhybrid concept in maize was a public sector invention 100 years ago and it is still considered one of. Book, statistical genetics of quantitative traits by rongling. I selection ii hybridisation and iii mutation breeding. Activities related to genetic resources are characterized by high cost and long term return.
Thirtytwo earlymaturity maize hybrids were evaluated at eight locations in nigeria and six locations in ghana for 2 yr to i identify highyielding, stable hybrids across locations andor hybrids. Assessment of genetic diversity provides germplasm and information on an array of trait characteristics for systematic integration and exploitation. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding ebook by arnel r. He teaches quantitative genetics and crop breeding techniques at ndsu. Two of the obtained plasmids had the expected wild type while four plasmids had. This article is brought to you for free and open access by the agronomy at iowa state university digital. The illinois maize breeding and genetics laboratory, crop. Increased demands for corn grain are likely as a result of population growth, loss of farmland from urbanization, and development of new uses of corn. Researches were conducted within the maize breeding fields belonging to the procera genetics ltd company.
Wild type has red eyes rr mutant type has sepia eyes rr female rr x male rr f 1 r r r rr rr r rr rr female rr x male rr f 2 r r r rr rr r rr rr table 1 pg 5 wild type unknown eye color red sepia part. Technological advances in maize breeding iowa state university. Genetic analysis of grain yield and its components of. However, studies of changes in genetic variance tional dominance, which the historical literature in maize. Stalcup1, thomas isakeit 2 1department of soil and crop sciences, 2department of plant pathology. Prior to 1909, nearly all maize breeding was done by farmers or farmerseedsmen, who used mass selection as their main breeding method hallauer et al. The development of molecular and quantitative genetics offers a good opportunity to accelerate breeding by selecting either for known genes or.
Tingting guo postdoctoral research associate, quantitative genetics. Despite its importance in maize production, we know surprisingly little about the genetic basis of heterosis. Using genetics, genomics, and breeding to understand. Genetic resources and maize breeding 583 scientia agricola, v. Maize breeding is one of the successful examples of breederdirected evolution. The genomic maize sample belonged to a single maize grain. Genomic prediction in maize breeding populations with genotypingbysequencing. Quantitative genetics of inbreeding in a synthetic maize population. Plant breeding and agronomy have increased corn yields eightfold over the last 100 years, a trend that. Gene and quantitative trait locus qtl mapping one of the. Positionally cloned maize genes related to important quantitative traits.
The illinois maize breeding and genetics laboratory. This article is brought to you for free and open access by the agronomy at iowa state university digital repository. Genetic analysis of grain yield and its components of maize. Genetic analysis in maize foundation parents with mapping. In subsaharan africa, maize breeding programs have focused on productivity of normal endosperm maize under striga infestation while neglecting quality protein maize qpm.
Th erefore, determining if the iqi could be calculated using fewer tests would benefi t many breeding programs. The past, present, and future of maize improvement. Hongwei zhang postdoctoral research associate, plant breeding and genetics. Maize breeding iowa state university digital repository. Organic farming has gained in importance in germany during recent years. Genetic analysis of grain yield and its components of maize zea mays l. The book introduces the basic concepts and methods that are useful in the statistical analysis and modeling of dnabased marker and phenotypic data that arise in agriculture, forrestry, experimental biology, and other fields. Using genetics, genomics, and breeding to understand diverse. Genetics, genomics and breeding of maize 1st edition.
Mass selection is a method in which the best ears from the best plants would be selected from a population of maize plants. Identify genetic relationships among grain maize lines and use. Click links below to see location mapped external to yahoo maps site office. Kuntze, an obligate hemiparasite, can cause grain yield loss of 20 to 80% in cereal crops such as maize zea mays l. Genomic prediction in cimmyt maize and wheat breeding. C jansen mapping of quantitative trait loci by using genetic markers. Many researchers around the globe have tried to address the problem using quality protein maize qpm. The goal of the 50th illinois corn breeders school anniversary program is to provide you with updates and insights into applications of technologies, methods, and approaches to maximize your corn breeding efforts and those of your organization. Quantitative genetics in plant breeding spring 2009, 2010, 2011 syllabus pdf updated jan. Many genes contribute quantitatively to how a plant looks and behaves. Hybrid breeding food and agriculture organization of the united. Maize is an important crop for food, feed, forage, and fuel across tropical and temperate areas of the world. However, the exact mechanisms of what makes some plants more drought tolerant are not well understood.
Genetic analysis of maize kernel thickness by quantitative. Nov 06, 20 genomic prediction in maize breeding populations with genotypingbysequencing. The primary purpose of this project is to contribute to yield increases by examining the development of breeding sources and the prevalence of differential rankings of varieties across environments genotype x environment interactions. Reif institute of plant breeding, seed science and population genetics university of hohenheim, d. The heterosis concept, defined over a century ago, continues to be applied in the production of several hybrids from different vegetable species. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding has improved the odds of developing outstanding maize cultivars from genetically broad based improved populations such as b73. Adam vanous postdoctoral research associate, plant breeding and genetics. Maize chloroplast and mitochondrial genes have been characterised in detail, with a focus on cytoplasmic. It concentrates on the linkage analysis of markers, map construction and quantitative trait locus qtl mapping and assumes a. Geneticsbreeding for bioenergy quantitativegenetics.
History, contribution, and future of quantitative genetics in. Quantitative genetics with focus on corn breeding and corn. In in the population mean with inbreeding, are well under particular, inbreedingdepression isan outcomeof direcstood. Purchase isozymes in plant genetics and breeding, volume 1a 1st edition. The impact of genetic relationship information on genomeassisted breeding values. Quality protein maize qpm genetic basis and breeding. Goals objectives the three major goals of this project are to 1 develop and apply methodologies to improve plant improvement. Using genetics, genomics, and breeding to understand diverse maize germplasm. Diversity studies at genetic, molecular, and functional levels have revealed that, tropical maize germplasm, landraces, and wild relatives harbor a significantly wider range of genetic variation. Consequently, maize has been at the forefront in development and evaluation of an array of molecular markers for varied purposes in genetics and breeding. Priorities in maize breeding because of its shallow roots, maize is susceptible to drought, so one of the current top priorities in maize breeding is developing new varieties that are more drought tolerant.
Shull 1952 coined the term heterosis and defined it as. Razdan division of genetics and plant breeding, sherekashmir university of agricultural sciences and technology skuastj, chatha, jammu, india corresponding author a b s t r a c t keywords gene action for various quantitative. Lee as genotypingbysequencing data becomes more abundant, new applications of this technology in breeding programs are possible. Isozymes in plant genetics and breeding, volume 1a 1st. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding springerlink.
The conference will be held march 912, 2017, at the union station of st. Introduction the use of haploid plants in the breeding was possible after detection of the line stock 6. The time frame of the history of quantitative genetics is similar to mendelian genetics. Cooke a thesis presented to the university of guelph in partial fulfilment of requirements. Combining ability estimates of lines to be used in breeding are useful for maize zea mays l. Molecular characterization of selected maize zea mays l.
In the present study we therefore conducted comparative field experiments with modern maize breeding materials under organic versus conventional farming conditions org and con, respectively to estimate. Carena has led maizebreeding research for shortseason maturity at ndsu since 1999. Genomic prediction in maize breeding populations with. In this pursuit, we focus on the genetic basis and prospects of quality protein maize for amino acid amelioration and enhancing the productivity of maize through the development of heterotic hybrids using elite qpm introgression lines.
Louis, missouri, usa the conference will open with a thursday evening meal, march 9 and close at noon sunday, march 12. Plant height ph and ear height eh are two important agronomic traits in maize selection breeding. Edwards heterosis is the foundation of modern maize breeding programs. You are invited to attend the 59th annual maize genetics conference. Marshall 1989 considered that the lack of pre breeding programs. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding request pdf.
In this study, we focused on quantitative trait loci qtls and general combining ability gca of ye478, a widely used foundation parent in china. The objectives of this study were to i evaluate combining ability of 25 improved exotic germplasm using different numbers of testers 1 to 3 from suwan1, reid, and nonreid heterotic groups. Marshall 1989 considered that the lack of prebreeding programs. In addition, maize is used as a raw material in industry. The development of maize foundation parents is an important part of genetics and breeding research, and applying new genetic information to produce foundation parents has been challenging.
Quantitative genetics in maize breeding handbook of plant breeding. Carena has led maize breeding research for shortseason maturity at ndsu since 1999. Among all types of markers, snp markers are increasingly the markerofchoice for all. Genomic prediction in cimmyt maize and wheat breeding programs.
Therefore an increasing demand exists for varieties with specific adaptation to this farming system. Maize corn is the most productive crop and farmers plant it because there is high enduser demand, it is easy to grow and often profitable. History, contribution, and future of quantitative genetics. Postal 6641, 06600 mexico, d f, mexico the maize genome is one of the most extensively analyzed among the plant genomes. Quantitative trait locus analysis of heterosis for plant. Introgress exotic maize alleles to increase the genetic diversity of us maize germplasm. Springer nature is making sarscov2 and covid19 research free.
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